Cattle and Buffalo
Artificial Insemination
- In rural areas id preferred using- Indian Cattle Milch Breeds – Gir, Red Sindhi and Sahiwal and Dual Breed
- For Semi Urban areas- Tharparker, Ongole, Kankrej and Hariana, Cross Breeding with half bred Jersey and HF is advised.
- Urban Areas depends on the market demand and use of AI
Animals, especially at night, need protection from the chilly air. Gunny sacks and sufficient bedding materials should be used to partially cover open sheds. However, in the winters especially in the northern and southern areas, appropriate ventilation is critical in cowsheds.
Feed for cattle
- Provide green succulent fodder, as well as leguminous hay or straw, to the extent that the animal can take it. So that it can meet all of its nutritional needs only through forage. Extra concentrate should be administered at a rate of 1 kilogramme per 2 to 2.5 litres of milk. To keep the lactation going, salt and mineral supplements should be administered.
- Calcium supplementation is required in high milking breeds to prevent metabolic disorders like as milk fever and ketosis.
- During the winter, the amount of water required reduces slightly. Warm water must be provided in extremely cold weather. In the event of mucus production from the snout, sneezing, coughing, or trouble breathing in an individual animal, seek emergency veterinarian assistance.
- 3 – 5 days before and after calving, feed a laxative (Wheat bran 3 kg + 0.5 mg Groundnut cake + 100 gm mineral mixture of salt).
Goats and other ruminants
In the Rabi season, farmers should start thinking about sheep and goat breeding by increasing the ratio for breedable male and female goats and keeping a lookout for symptoms of heat. They breed from September to November since they are seasonal breeders, however, they may breed until February. This is especially visible in northern Chhattisgarh, though they reproduce all year in the rest of the state, which is truly tropical.
Breeds for different regions
Central and North Chhattisgarh – Jamunapari, Beetal and Sirohi
Southern – Black Bengal instead of Sirohi.
Things to keep check of during breeding season
- To avoid inbreeding, the males should be replaced or exchanged every two years. As a result, all replacements should be completed prior to the commencement of Rabi, allowing enough time for the new animal to acclimate.
- Improved hormonal technology or a partitioned corral of woven-wire net so that the does and the buck may see each other in full view may be utilised to synchronise them. This might be done a week or two before the breeding season or during it.
- Steps should always be made to avoid kidding during the prime winter season of January. This may be achieved in practise by scheduling breeding between the 15th and 15th of May. Throughout the winter, this will protect the children against cold sensitivity and, as a result, pneumonic death.
Bedding practices for livestock
- Goats are especially susceptible to cold, and winter rains bring with them a slew of ailments. Farmers in the state’s northern regions should offer covered night shelters during the winter months, but should avoid using a fireplace or sigri to heat the enclosed shelter because this can quickly accumulate poisonous fumes, which can be deadly.
- A body cover made from jute gunny bags or cotton cloth should be used to protect small and weak animals. Warm water containing jiggery should be administered to such animals.
- During Rabi, animal bedding should be replaced more regularly. This will keep them safe from the cold as well as infections, particularly parasitic disorders.