Bihar, one of India’s most major pulse-growing and-consuming states, contributes roughly 2.35 percent of the state’s gross cropped area (7-8%) and 3.06 percent of production. Pulses had a productivity range of 819 kg/ha in 2000-01 to 897 kg/ha in 2013-14.
Gram
Varieties: Cultivate a disease-resistant and enhanced chickpea cultivar to increase output. RSG 44, Pusa 329, Pusa 362, DCP-92-3, GCP105, KWR108, BG1003, Vijay, Pragati, Pant gramme 3, Pant gramme 4, HK4, Birsa chana 3, Sadabahar, RSG 44, Pusa 329, Pusa 362, DCP-92-3, GCP105, KWR108, BG1003, Vijay, Pragati, Pant gramme 3, Pant gramme 4, Pusa 372, KPG 59 are late-sown cultivars (Uday).
Procedure and chemicals required: For optimum germination and early crop establishment, use pre-sowing irrigation. Mid-October to mid-November is the best time to sow. Seed rate is 75-80 kg/ha for tiny seeded and 100 kg/ha for bold seeded. Because dip planted crop has a lower incidence of wilt disease, gramme crop is sown at a spacing of 30cmX10cm for tiny seed and 45cmX10cm for bold seed at a depth of 8-10cm.
Before planting, seeds should be treated with fungicide carbendazim at 2g/kg seed, insecticide chlorpyrifos20EC at 8ml/kg seed, and finally Rhizobium culture at 10g/kg seed 2-3 hours before sowing. The recommended fertiliser dose for pulses is 20 kg N (45 kg urea), 40 kg P2O5 (250 kg SSP), and 20 kg K (36 kg muriate of potash) applied at the time of seed sowing with a seed cum fertiliser drill.
If there isn’t enough rain in the winter, offer one irrigation at the pod growth stage (75 DAS). At blossoming time, there is no watering requirement.
Lentil
Mid-October to mid-November is the best time to seed lentils since it guarantees a good crop stand and protects against insect pests and diseases. A delayed-sown crop is more susceptible to wilt diseases, and too early sowing causes excessive vegetative growth and poor pod setting.
Varieties: Improved varieties such as PL 406, PL 639, K 75 (Mallika), HUL 57, NDL 2, WBL 58, WBL 77, PL 777-12 (Arun), IPL 406, Narendra Masoor 1, BR 25, KLS 218 and sowing at 30cmX10 cm spacing at 4-5 cm depth are recommended. Lentil seed rates should be 30-35 kg/ha for a single crop and 50-60 kg/ha for a paira crop.
Procedure and chemicals required: Treat the seed 2-3 days before planting with fungicide carbendazim @ 2g/kg seed, next insecticide chlorpyriphos @ 2ml/kg seed, and finally Rhizobium culture @ 10g/kg seed 2-3 hours before sowing.
During final field preparation, apply 2-3 MT FYM/ha. In pulses, use a recommended fertiliser dose of 20 kg N (45 kg urea), 40 kg P2O5 (250 kg SSP), and 20 kg K (36 kg muriate of potash) at the time of seed sowing with a seed cum fertiliser drill.
Irrigation is required twice: once at the pre-flowering stage (45 DAS) and again at the pod filling stage if necessary (75 DAS). Applying 20 kg of sulphur per hectare at the time of seeding resulted in a higher yield.
Lathyrus (Khesari)
Varieties: Horse gramme is typically grown as a paira cropping or mixed copping with linseed, with sowing beginning in the last week of October and continuing until the middle of November. Improved variations such as Bio L212 (Ratan), LS 147-14 (Prateek), B1 (Nirmal), Pusa 24, RLS 4595, LSD 3, and LSD 6 are recommended.
Procedure and chemicals required: For a dual-purpose crop, sow 30X10cm spacing with a seed rate of 40 kg/ha, and for a grain crop, line sow 25-30kg/ha. Use 20 kg N (45 kg urea), 40 kg P2O5 (250 kg SSP), and 20 kg K (36 kg muriate of potash) as recommended fertiliser doses in pulses while planting seed by seed cum fertiliser drill. Sulphur is applied at a rate of 20 kg per hectare at the time of sowing to improve yield.
Field pea
Growing Season and varieties: Mid-October to mid-November is the best time to seed field peas since it guarantees a good crop stand and protects against insect pests and illnesses. Crops that are planted later are more susceptible to wilt diseases. Rachna, Aparna, Malviya Matar 15, Pusa Prabhat, VL Matar 42, Swarna Tripti are excellent producing cultivars to use. Before sowing, apply rhizobium culture at a rate of 10g/kg seed.
Procedure and chemicals required: Seed rate is 70-80 kg/ha for long-term varieties and 100 kg/ha for short-term varieties, with recommended spacing of 30cmX10 cm for long-term varieties and 22.5cmX10 cm for short-term varieties at a depth of 4-5 cm. Apply 20 kg N (45 kg urea), 40 kg P2O5 (250 kg SSP), and 20 kg K (36 kg muriate of potash) at the time of seed sowing with a seed cum fertiliser drill to improve yield.
Applying 20 kg of sulphur per hectare at the time of sowing increased grain yield and improved soil health. Field peas require two irrigations: the first before flowering and the second during the pod filling stage.